Education is a dynamic process that needs the help of a multidisciplinary team in order to be carried out successfully, as it is not only the best tool to acquire knowledge, but also the greatest gift for a person to emerge in the world with a successful future.
For this reason, there are professionals in the field of teaching who dedicate a great effort to improve their skills and educational abilities in order to provide the most ideal strategies to increase learning.
Surely you have heard of pedagogues, these important figures in the field of education who dedicate their professional lives to study, find and promote better teaching-learning tools so that the knowledge that people acquire is more than optimal and functional.
- You may be interested in: “The 17 types of education that exist (and characteristics)”.
But, did you know that there are different types of pedagogy? Each one of them deals with different educational problems. Do you want to find out what they are? We will tell you all about these types of pedagogy and their fields of action. we will tell you all about these types of pedagogy and their fields of action..
What is pedagogy?
Pedagogy is part of the social sciences, whose study and action focuses on the teaching and learning methods used to educate people in a society. that are used to train people educationally in a society. These are based on certain objectives to be achieved according to the age stage of the person (starting from pre-school to higher education), but whose educational process becomes standardized, so that it can benefit all the ways in which people acquire knowledge.
It is well known that not everyone learns in the same way; there are some children who have some difficulties with a particular subject or who learn better with a particular strategy. It is the job of the pedagogues to elaborate an education plan according to these needs.
So you may notice that it is not a simple task, since each person has their individual method of learning, although it is possible to create tactics that manage to include teaching from various dynamic strategies to reach a more general audience.
Types of pedagogy and how they help us to educate
In order to know how pedagogy can act in several different fields of education, it is time to know the types of pedagogy that exist. and how they provide theoretical and practical data to improve learning processes.
Descriptive pedagogy
This branch of pedagogy aims at the creation and application of novel theories that allow understanding the different dynamics of study in people, leaving aside the previous regulations of what education is or what should not be used in it.
This is a great alternative of inclusion to all types of learning strategies, so that children and young people can have better opportunities to take advantage of learning according to their own process.
2. Normative pedagogy
Here, pedagogy focuses on the theorization and philosophy of these previous new applications mentioned above, so that they are recorded for application and future novel studies. Including the objectives that should be pursued, identifying the best usable situations for learning and defining the concepts used therein.
3. Psychological pedagogy
Also known as ‘psychopedagogy’, it is based on the study of students’ behaviors during the teaching-learning process, so that they can discover when there is a behavioral, interpersonal, cognitive or emotional problem that is affecting the performance of the students themselves. To this end, they are based on a series of attitudes that are presented as ideal for the best attainment of knowledge.
4. Pedagogy for children
As its name indicates, it is in charge of studying educational processes during the childhood stage, which is the most important since the basis of the personal belief system is established. This discipline bases its proposals on the ability of children to learn after experimenting in their environment and therefore it is necessary to create programs specially designed for the unique way in which children obtain their knowledge.
5. Therapeutic pedagogy
This area of pedagogy is responsible for detecting and addressing the particular teaching and learning conflicts that students may present, in order to create a curriculum that suits their needs and thus find an ideal pace to keep up academically. In general, these are children and young people who present ordinary educational problems or with special educational support.
In addition, you can refer one of these individuals to specialists in other areas of care if necessary, for example, if they have some type of organic or neurodevelopmental problem.
6. Special pedagogy
Unlike the previous area, this one focuses almost exclusively on the educational needs of people with some kind of disability. These may be motor problems, cognitive compromises or mental disorders, so that they can obtain a basic and functional education to be able to adapt to their environment and have future opportunities for comprehensive development.
7. Occupational pedagogy
In this area the focus of the design of educational programs and academic opportunities is created for people who need to obtain a professional occupational training that guarantees them a stable economic future. So it is applicable for people of any age and generally, for adults who want to learn a skill that will allow them to earn their livelihood.
8. Social pedagogy
This pedagogy focuses on the social conflicts that affect the quality of study in people, both in educational action plans and in the socio-cultural events that affect people’s behavior and affect their learning. For example, countries that are constantly in conflict, countries that do not have the economic resources to attend schools, schools with few academic resources, etc.
9. Experimental pedagogy
This pedagogy focuses on improving the teaching and learning processes in adults and older adults, so that they can obtain the possibility of acquiring a good education if they so wish. Either to devote themselves to it for the rest of their lives or to keep their minds energetic and active, thus preventing the onset of degenerative diseases and emotional decay (as is the case of older adults).
10. Critical pedagogy
As its name implies, this is the type of pedagogy that criticizes and opposes traditional teaching methods, which are still in force today in various parts of the world. This is done under the premise of determining and highlighting the flaws of the rigid system and the gaps that can be filled with the application of new teaching methodologies, with the sole intention of improving opportunities and academic inclusion to all types of learning processes.
11. Sports pedagogy
This has its field of action in sports, so the pedagogue is not only considered as an educator but also as a coach, which should be concerned in obtaining the most complete and functional tools so that the young person can take advantage of the sport discipline to the maximum, so he can increase his performance and excel in it.
In addition, the focus is on providing a complete integral education, so that the young person is not only trained in his sports career, but also acquires an ideal and necessary academic formation that will help him in his future.
12. Family pedagogy
Not all children and young people receive education in schools or specialized academic institutions, but they can also be trained at home either under the evaluation of a tutor or receiving classes from their parents (if they have some kind of professional academic training). Family pedagogy is then in charge of providing homeschooling families with personalized curricula that meet their children’s needs and allow them to feel it as a complete school experience.
13. Pedagogy in formal contexts
This area of pedagogy is in charge of carrying out its studies and action plans in formal institutions where its attention is requested, such as schools, secondary schools, high schools, universities or specialized academic centers. With the purpose of obtaining personalized work for school groups, as well as greater parental and teacher involvement to increase student performance.
14. Comparative Pedagogy
This pedagogy has the great advantage of being a pillar for the structural and beneficial change of the educational methodology of a nation or a society, by comparing the teaching-learning methods that culture has with respect to another (for example, the education of more developed countries with those of the third world). They can then find viable measures and alternatives that they can adapt with their own resources to increase and strengthen the educational level of the system.
15. Intercultural pedagogy
This branch of pedagogy tries to encourage conversation and openness on intercultural issues, where the influences of different cultures on education are taught and how to achieve understanding in a universal educational language, learning from each other. Based on respect for diversity, eradicate conflicts due to cultural differences and promote a better channel of communication between different people.
16. Playful pedagogy
In the infant stage, play is of great importance for the integral development of children, since it is their first educational channel, in which they can learn about the world around them, as well as object recognition, interactions and interpersonal relationships and the basis for following rules and respect.
Therefore, this pedagogy creates study strategies based on the psychomotor stimulation that children receive from play (especially during the preschool stage) and emphasizes the importance of creating a space for educational play, which acquires more complexity and abstraction as the child grows.
17. clinical pedagogy
This area is responsible not only for providing personalized teaching tools for children with some type of major learning disability (usually a neurodevelopmental disorder), but also for providing the family with social adaptation programs so that they can function adequately in the classroom, as well as overcome their own difficulties.
18. Philosophical pedagogy
Its objective is to study and analyze the structures that make up the educational process in general, as well as the methods used, the objectives set and the values they promote. Its purpose is to create an objectivity to the field of pedagogy in order to obtain a complete and reliable basis.
19. Political pedagogy
It is responsible for studying the relationships and interaction of people with others in their environment, observe the form of social adaptation that is handled in general in a place and the establishment of values in society. So that they can evaluate the quality of education within that society and make relevant changes if necessary for better educational development.
20. Technological pedagogy
This is a somewhat novel and very useful field, as well as significant for current and future education. The aim is to study both the benefits and obstacles generated by new technologies in the academic field, in order to take advantage of their benefits to increase learning and offer a novel and attractive experience for young people.
In the same way it seeks to teach both students and parents and teachers to take advantage of new technologies to expand academic knowledge, through digital teaching-learning tools, training courses and recreational activities.
In short, pedagogy is that fundamental tool without which education cannot evolve.